Plastic debris collects around the island, scene of a seminal
World War II battle, with serious consequences for its wildlife. David
will be reporting on the issue this week for the BBC website, radio and
TV. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7312777.stm>
By David Shukman
BBC environment correspondent, Midway |
The team is testing how long it takes plastic to degrade in water
|
Studies suggest billions of microscopic plastic fragments drifting underwater are concentrating pollutants like DDT.
Most attention has focused on dangers that visible items of plastic waste pose to seabirds and other wildlife.
But researchers are warning that the risk of hidden contamination could be more serious.
The thing that's most worrisome about the plastic is its tenaciousness, its durability
Matt Brown, US Fish and Wildlife Service
|
He told the BBC: "We know that plastics in the marine environment will accumulate and concentrate toxic chemicals from the surrounding seawater and you can get concentrations several thousand times greater than in the surrounding water on the surface of the plastic.
"Now there's the potential for those chemicals to be released to those marine organisms if they then eat the plastic." <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7316441.stm>
The Indian workers are bringing their cause to the US capital
|
The men plan to take their protest to the Indian ambassador.
The men say recruiters tricked them into paying up to $20,000 each for a new life in the US, where they then had to work in exploitative conditions.
The Mississippi firm that employed them, Signal International, has denied they were mistreated.
It says the men were paid wages above the local average and given good accommodation.
It accuses the recruitment firm of deceiving the Indians and has now ended its contract.
It is also demanding the recruiters return the fees the men paid them.
In 2006, some 500 men from across India each paid recruiters up to $20,000 for what they were told would be a new life.
They were given temporary visas and jobs at a marine construction company in Mississippi.
But the men say they were then forced to live in primitive conditions.
They are describing their protest as a Satyagraha, a word used by
Indian independence leader Mahatma Gandhi to describe a non-violent
battle against injustice. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7316130.stm>
Clear Channel owns more than 1,000 US radio stations
|
The buyers, Bain Capital Partners and Thomas H Lee Partners, say the banks are reneging on an agreement to provide $22bn (£11bn) of financing.
They have filed lawsuits to force the banks to come up with the money.
The six banks, including Deutsche Bank, Credit Suisse, Morgan Stanley and Royal Bank of Scotland say the lawsuits are "without merit" and will contest them.
"The behaviour of these banks is irresponsible, unprofessional and unjustified," Mark Mays, CEO of Clear Channel Communications, said in a statement.
"The defendants have made clear that they are determined, by any means possible, to destroy the merger and thus avoid their obligation to fund, as they are required legally to do," he continued.
The deal was struck last year, when raising money for such deals was much easier.
But since then, funds have dried up due to the credit crunch and financing deals has become much more expensive.
Analysts estimate that the buyers will have to pay Clear Channel up to $500m to walk away from the deal. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7315776.stm>
By Marc Cieslak
Reporter, BBC Click |
Sure, some users are completely fed up with receiving friends invites, being "bitten", "poked" and indeed having sheep thrown at them.
And there has been a 5% slowdown in new UK users to the larger social networks, Facebook and MySpace, between December 2007 and January this year.
But Alex Burmaster, an analyst at Nielsen Online which compiled the figures showing the decline, says: "The slow down in social networks is being somewhat exaggerated. It's a natural form of any growth that we see in the online eco-system.
"Something starts from a very small base and grows very quickly. It becomes popular, but then it's only natural at some point that the growth has to stop, because it cannot carry on growing at that rate, because there is only so many people it can grow into."
While the bigger players in the game might be experiencing a slow down in growth, they still command the attention of millions of users.
It's all about consumer to consumer. They are providing information to each other
Alex Burmaster, Nielsen Online
|
By Stephanie Holmes
BBC News |
The balls of milky cheese, which travel around the world cushioned in their own protective fluid, are considered one of the finest delicacies, fashioned from fat-rich buffalo milk taken from herds in just a few Italian regions.
Some 20,000 people depend on the mozzarella cheese industry
|
Yet the news that levels of potentially carcinogenic chemicals, called dioxins, were above legal limits in some of the cheese-producing areas around Naples led to them being rapidly dropped from the menu - both in Italy and beyond.
The European Commission has flexed its regulatory muscle and Japan has seized consignments of the freshly flown-in cheese to carry out its own tests.
While consumers might simply be swapping what they put in their
shopping baskets, many of the mozzarella producers - among 20,000
people employed in the industry - are terrified. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7319386.stm>
IMF head Dominique Strauss-Kahn has been involved in the talks
|
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has backed plans to redistribute voting power in the organisation.
It has recommended changes which would base the power of each of the IMF's 185 member countries on the size of their economy, reserves and trade.
The US has expressed reservations about the move but said that it would support it because it represented progress.
However poorer nations and charities have said the plans, which must still be ratified, do not go far enough.
IMF members have spent more than a year negotiating the changes - which would move some sway away from traditional industrial powers including the US, the UK and Germany - to the faster-growing emerging and developing economies.
China, India, South Korea, Mexico and Brazil are among those that will see their voting power increase.
However, under the proposal the likes of Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Russia, Iran and Argentina would lose influence and all five countries either voted against the plans or abstained from voting.
Final decisions will be made after the IMF's spring meeting next month.
"Today's agreement is a major step forward in the modernisation of the Fund and our efforts to adjust its structures to the dynamic and changing realities of the global economy, but it is only a first step," said IMF Managing Director Dominique Strauss-Kahn.
"We are creating a more flexible system for quota and voice, which involves further changes over time as the relative positions of countries in the world economy evolve."
The IMF said the proposed reforms feature simpler and more transparent formulae and some ad hoc quota increases to better represent more dynamic economies.
India's executive director to the IMF, Adarsh Kishore, said the
move fell short of what it "had expected, hoped for and strived for". <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7319718.stm>
Higher competition is likely to bring prices down - eventually
|
The deal ends limits on which airlines can fly between the US and EU, and it is expected to lead to a large rise in the number of carriers on the routes.
However, changes at big airports such as Heathrow will be minimised by the limited availability of take-off slots.
New trans-Atlantic services are likely to use smaller airports instead.
Irish low-cost airline Ryanair has already declared an interest in flying to North America. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7318455.stm>
There Fed has upped the amount of cash available at auction.
|
The sum, offered across two auctions, is in addition to $260bn provided in short-term loans to the end of March.
Other unorthodox steps include the Fed allowing investment banks to borrow from it directly - previously only possible for commercial banks.
The financial crisis has caused chaos on US and global markets.
This month Bear Stearns became the highest profile US victim of the credit crunch - facing near collapse before a deal was struck for it to be bought at a bargain price by JP Morgan Chase.
The rescue was supported by the Fed, which agreed to buy up to $29bn of Bear Stearns debts.
The Fed's chairman, Ben Bernanke, will be quizzed about the auctions, and other Fed actions to ease the credit crunch, when he faces Congress next week.
Critics say that the central bank is bailing out banks who have not assessed their risks properly <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7319413.stm>
Oil traders had initially thought Iraqi exports would be badly hit
|
The price of benchmark US light sweet crude fell $1.96 to settle at $105.62 a barrel while Brent crude lost $1.23 to $103.77 at end of London's trading day.
"The [Iraqi] problem is not as serious as we thought," said oil analyst David Johnson of Macquarie Research.
A slightly stronger dollar had also lessened demand, analysts said. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7317964.stm>
By Jonathan Amos
Science reporter, BBC News |
Jules Verne pictured as a small dot from the ISS
|
Europe's "Jules Verne" freighter has demonstrated the ability to navigate itself to a point just 3,500m from the International Space Station.
The cargo ship, which carries some five tonnes of supplies for the platform, was then instructed by ground control to "escape" to a safe distance.
It was the first of two demo days the vehicle must complete before being allowed to dock with the ISS.
Practice manoeuvres on Monday will take Jules Verne to 12m from the station.
Again, the session will end with the 19-tonne freighter being instructed to remove itself to a safe distance, about 100m from the platform.
If ISS mission managers are satisfied with what they have seen, they will permit an automated attachment to occur on Thursday.
Jules Verne is the biggest, most sophisticated spacecraft yet flown by the European Space Agency (Esa). <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7321116.stm>
By Brady Haran
BBC News |
Wind power - use it or lose it?
|
He believes the future of energy is storing it as compressed air in giant bags under the sea.
And a major power company has invested in the scheme.
Professor Garvey, a long-time proponent of compressed air, feels vindicated by the research grant.
He said: "As the country and the whole world moves toward using more renewable energy, we're going to need energy storage."
His idea would utilise familiar renewable sources - wind, waves and tidal power.
THE BIG IDEA
Wind and waves used to compress air
Air stored in bags on seabed
Later released to produce electricty via turbines
|
Energy would instead be used to compress and pump air into underwater bags, anchored to the seabed.
When energy demand is highest, the air would be released through a turbine, converting it to electricty. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/nottinghamshire/7315059.stm>
The bridge will be part of the extended East London Line
|
Britain's biggest mobile crane was used to pick up and lower the bridge over Shoreditch High Street as part of the extended East London Line.
Traffic was diverted as the 115ft (35m) long bridge was lowered. It will be secured in place over the weekend.
The revamped line will run from Dalston Junction to West Croydon and is due to open in 2010.
The £1bn project - expanding the network to the north and south - is seen as a key part of improvements to the capital's transport system ahead of the 2012 Olympics.
But the extended line will be run by a private company, a move that has angered East London Line workers and members of the Rail, Maritime and Transport Union (RMT).
Last December the RMT staged a mock funeral for the line,
protesting over its "unnecessary, damaging and potentially dangerous"
privatisation. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/london/7320304.stm>
By Rajesh Mirchandani
BBC News, Oregon |
Louanne Moldovan finds the arrangement 'repugnant'
|
With some 45 million Americans uninsured, how to pay for medical treatment is a big issue in this year's presidential election.
Now officials in Oregon say they have come up with a fair way of providing coverage for some of those who cannot afford it.
In her comfortable home in Portland, Oregon, Louanne Moldovan sifts through a pile of papers.
They are unpaid medical bills, stretching back a year, arising from treatment for Crohn's Disease, the chronic intestinal condition she suffers from. She thinks she owes nearly $15,000 (£7,500) in all.
Louanne says she is looking for full-time employment but, she adds, her earnings through freelance work will not buy enough health insurance for the treatment she needs. For her the state healthcare lottery offers an uneasy solution.
"It's a symbol of how degraded our system is in this country that we are resorting to a lottery," she tells me.
"It's pathetic and repugnant at the same time... [but it's] a necessity because I don't earn thousands each month." <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/7321500.stm>
The price of the staple crop has risen by as much as 70% during the last year, according to the UN Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO).
Shortages have begun to hit some importing countries.
Factors contributing to the price rise include:
The spike is also part of a general surge in food costs worldwide, so the option of switching to cheaper foods is often not available.
Producers including India, China and Vietnam have restricted exports as they try to protect their stocks and limit inflation.
Importers such as Bangladesh, the Philippines, and Afghanistan have been hit hard. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7324596.stm>
The iPlayer has been a big hit with users
|
A row about who should pay for extra network costs incurred by the iPlayer has broken out between internet service providers (ISPs) and the BBC.
ISPs say the on-demand TV service is putting strain on their networks, which need to be upgraded to cope.
Ashley Highfield, head of future media and technology at the corporation, has said he believes the cost of network upgrades should be carried by ISPs.
Simon Gunter, from ISP Tiscali, said the BBC should contribute to the cost.
He said the BBC did not understand the issues involved. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/7336940.stm>
By Jonathan Head
BBC News, Manila |
As global prices for rice surge to ever higher levels, the world's biggest importer, the Philippines, shows all the signs of being gripped by a rice crisis.
Huge queues form wherever government stocks are being sold at subsidised prices.
The government has been scouring the international markets for new supplies to replenish its stocks, paying record prices.
Rice dominates the newspaper headlines every day, and seems to be consuming the government's energy.
But this crisis is not all it seems. "There's no shortage," Agriculture Secretary Arthur Yap told me. "The problem is not with supplies, but with price."
"And when you consider that 80% of our population spends 60% of
their income on food, and 40% of that is on rice, it is very serious." <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7342161.stm>
The euro has risen by almost 20% against the dollar in the past 12 months
|
John Walters, director of US national drug control policy, said the amount of cocaine seized at the US south-western borders had declined.
The price and the purity of cocaine in US have also fallen, he said.
Meanwhile, Europe has seen a huge increase in availability as traffickers take advantage of the exchange rate.
Speaking in Brussels, Mr Walters expressed concern about the rise in Colombian cocaine coming to Europe via Venezuela and West African.
"There have been speculations that the power and strength of the euro and the cost of cocaine here in Europe have been the reason here for the movement - it's more profitable and it's a better currency exchange," he said.
"There's no doubt that those forces are there."
The euro has risen by almost 20% against the dollar in the past 12 months to hit a record above $1.59. On Friday, the euro fetched $1.5825.
The euro has become an attractive currency for investors because of relatively high interest rates in the eurozone.
The US dollar, meanwhile, has suffered because of a number of
factors including a slowing economy, low interest rates and problems
from the credit crisis. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7342946.stm>
Some record labels wants persistent pirates thrown off the net
|
European politicians have voted down calls to throw suspected file-sharers off the net.
The idea to cut off persistent pirates formed part of a wide-ranging report on creative industries written for the European parliament.
But in a narrow vote MEPs backed an amendment to the report which said net bans conflicted with "civil liberties and human rights".
It puts MEPS at odds with governments planning tough action against pirates. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/7342135.stm>
Hundreds of thousands of passengers have been affected
|
American Airlines says it hopes to get back to running a normal service by Sunday.
The airline, which is the world's biggest, has had to cancel more than 3,000 flights this week to inspect the wiring on its MD-80 aircraft.
The cancellations have left hundreds of thousands of passengers stranded.
The airline has cancelled 200 of Saturday's flights, but said it hoped to have all of the aircraft ready to return to service by the afternoon.
American Airlines had cancelled 595 flights on Friday, three days after the company grounded 300 of its planes.
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) had raised concerns about inspections of the planes' wiring.
The FAA has been clamping down on safety inspections and several airlines have been forced to ground planes.
Three quarters of its MD-80 planes, which mostly fly US domestic routes, have now been inspected and returned to service, the airline said.
So far a third of a million passengers have been left stranded by the cancellations.
The airline says the cost of compensating them could run into "tens of millions of dollars". <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7343969.stm>
Analysis
By Ross Hawkins Political reporter, BBC News |
Gordon Brown has a little time to ponder his response
|
It looked like something for the history books, a handful of campaigners and a few interested journalists.
Not any more.
A court ruling that the Serious Fraud Office (SFO) acted unlawfully has made it Gordon Brown's problem.
The prime minister cannot tell the SFO to re-open its investigation. That is a matter for the investigators.
Manufacturing jobs
But he has the same dilemma as his predecessor, Tony Blair, faced when he was in power: What to do about Saudi Arabia's objections?
Mr Blair made his opinion perfectly clear when he was in Number 10.
He thought the SFO probe would have achieved nothing, wrecked Britain's relationship with key ally Saudi Arabia and cost thousands of precious manufacturing jobs.
He knew that view would not make him popular in some circles - and that it would have breached international law to halt the probe on economic grounds - but he was sure it was right.
Now Gordon Brown must decide whether he agrees.
He has some time to think about his public response.
Answers wanted
With the Commons in recess, and the usual twice daily lobby briefings of journalists not taking place, there are fewer chances than usual to question the prime minister or his spokesman.
But sooner or later Mr Brown will have to give his view.
Criticism
from opposition politicians or foreign organisations is unlikely to
have anything like the impact of the court ruling, but it may keep a
tricky issue from the Blair years in the headlines
|
It is not just inquisitive reporters who will be keen to hear what he thinks.
Saudi officials and diplomats will also want to know how Mr Brown intends to react - and they will not wait until the next public statement to get answers.
The High Court ruled there had been a successful attempt by a foreign government to pervert the course of justice in the United Kingdom.
<http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/politics/7342540.stm>
The IMF's Strauss-Kahn wants strong action on food price inflation
|
The head of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has warned that hundreds of thousands of people will face starvation if food prices keep rising.
Dominique Strauss-Kahn said that social unrest from continuing food price inflation could cause conflict.
There have been food riots recently in a number of countries, including Haiti, the Philippines and Egypt.
Meeting in Washington, the IMF called for strong action on food prices and the international financial crisis. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7344892.stm>
Riots against rising food prices have spread around the world in recent days
|
The White House said the money would be used to meet unanticipated needs for food aid.
Rising food prices have sparked recent riots in several countries, including Haiti, the Philippines and Egypt.
The World Bank has said a doubling of food prices in three years could push 100m more people into poverty.
"This additional food aid will address the impact of rising commodity prices on US emergency food aid programmes and be used to meet unanticipated food aid needs in Africa and elsewhere," the White House said in a statement.
The announcement followed a call by the World Bank's
Development Committee and the International Monetary Fund for rising
food prices to be addressed at the highest political level.
|
|||
In the run-up to the Olympics some opponents of China's regime are boycotting not just the games but all Chinese products. There have been many boycotts before, but with its dominance in manufacturing, those vowing not to buy Chinese face an especially tough challenge. Sitting on the bus wending your way to work and wherever you are, you probably have a bit of China with you. Listening to your iPod. Made in China. Fiddling with your key ring. Made in China. Label on the inside of your underpants irritating you a little bit. It more than likely says "Made in China".
When there was a boycott of South African products during the Apartheid era or of France by irritated Americans in the run-up to the Iraq war, those were political statements that might have meant a little privation for those involved. But they weren't on the same scale as China. Opponents of China talk of its treatment of Tibet, its appalling record on human rights, jailing of dissidents, and even its attitude towards animal welfare when calling for a boycott. The Friends of Tibet group has called for such action, but it's impossible to know how many people are engaged in boycotting.
China's defenders suggest it is becoming more open and receptive to
basic rights. And there are plenty of people who, while criticising
China, regard the idea of a boycott as counter-productive. There are
those who feel boycotts are too crude a device, affecting the
lowest-paid labourers rather than just the regime. There is also a view
that, particularly when it comes to China, constructive engagement is a
better option than a boycott. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/7339468.stm> |
|
UK credit and debit card fraud on the internet is much greater than previous estimates, new figures suggest.
Banking industry data shows card losses from phone, internet or mail order crime totalled £290.5m in 2007.
But a BBC investigation found £500m of fraud took place when failed attempts were taken into account.
The Tories are urging the government to appoint a minister to deal with internet crime. Ministers say they have invested £29m to fight online fraud.
Hacked cards
An undercover investigation by BBC News revealed how easy it was to obtain stolen credit and debit card details on the internet.
Posing as computer hackers, two journalists infiltrated a website selling thousands of stolen card details which had been stolen online from small internet retailers.
When the cards were used, they traced the fraudulent transactions to a number of addresses in the UK and confronted people who signed for the goods they had bought. The information is being passed to the police.
If you're committing a crime online then there is a high probability that you'll get away with it
Andrew McClelland, of Interactive Media in Retail Group (IMRG)
|
Andrew Goodwill, from the Third Man company which develops fraud screening solutions, said criminals commonly use the cards to buy electronic gadgets, including sat-navs, laptops and PDAs.
"They will then either ship them abroad and sell them in other countries where the value of such is a lot higher or they'll sell them in this country, locally for people down the pub for half price," he said.
Shadow home secretary David Davis said there should be a central place to report cyber crime, specialist prosecutors and a distinct ministry.
"All those things would do a great deal to make Britain less of a soft target," he said.
Andrew McClelland, of Interactive Media in Retail Group (IMRG), a body which represents online retailers, said it was time the government noticed the market place was making a major contribution to the economy and consumers were protected.
"If you're committing a crime online then there is a high
probability that you'll get away with it and even if you are caught a
fairly high probability again that the punishment won't be that
severe," he added <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7362055.stm>
By Jorn Madslien
Business reporter, BBC News |
Food prices have shot up in response to a surge in crop prices. Now consumers should get ready for clothes prices to follow suit.
US cotton farmers are switching to more lucrative crops
|
Garment makers are seeing demand shrink as consumers in the US and Europe are cutting back on spending.
US cotton consumption is set to fall 6.5% from last year to less than a million tonnes whilst EU consumption is expected to fall 11% to about 460,000 tonnes, the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) predicts.
At the same time, they are hit by more expensive raw materials and by soaring oil prices, which make their factories more expensive to operate and which pushes up the cost of shipping to foreign markets.
In India, the weaving industry is in crisis. In China, the textile sector is squeezed.
And, yet again, the root cause of their problems can be found in America. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7362343.stm>
Credit Suisse had already warned it expected to report losses
|
Credit Suisse has reported a loss for the first three months of the year, hit by its exposure to the credit markets.
The bank made a net loss of 2.1bn Swiss francs ($2.1bn; £1.0bn) after writing down 5.3bn Swiss francs in mortgage securities and big buyout loans.
It had made a net profit of 2.7bn Swiss francs in the same period of last year.
Credit Suisse had already warned it was likely to make a loss, which it blamed partly on the "intentional misconduct" of a number of traders.
The inevitable hangover has arrived following the frenzied obsession to do private deals at almost any price in 2006 and 2007
Robert Peston, BBC business editor
|
Credit Suisse wrote down £850m on leverage finance such as loans to finance private-equity deals, and a further £400m on commercial mortgages.
"It is further confirmation that imprudent lending and investing was not confined to US subprime and collateralised debt obligations," said BBC's business editor, Robert Peston.
"The inevitable hangover has arrived following the frenzied obsession to do private deals at almost any price in 2006 and 2007," he said. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7364285.stm>
Teachers are on strike over a pay deal
|
About a third of schools in England and Wales have been disrupted by the first national teachers' strike in 21 years.
The walkout by thousands of teachers has closed or partially closed up to 8,000 schools, and forced working parents to stay home or find childcare.
The National Union of Teachers (NUT) is staging more than 50 rallies across the countries, as members demand a 4.1% pay rise rather than the 2.45% on offer.
Schools minister Jim Knight said it was a good deal and he felt parents' anger.
This one-day strike, condemned by all the main political parties, is
the opening move in what the NUT says will be a long-term campaign over
pay. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/education/7363718.stm>